nginx 反向代理配置实战

nginx 作为反向代理是 Web 开发中的常见需求。本文通过实例讲解配置方法。

基本反向代理

server {
    listen 443 ssl http2;
    server_name example.com;

    ssl_certificate     /etc/nginx/ssl/cert.pem;
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/key.pem;

    location / {
        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:3000;
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
    }
}

WebSocket 代理

location /ws {
    proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:3000;
    proxy_http_version 1.1;
    proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
    proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";
}

SSE 流式代理

location /api/events {
    proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:3000;
    proxy_buffering off;
    proxy_cache off;
    proxy_read_timeout 86400s;
}

常见问题

配置修改后记得 sudo nginx -t 检查语法，再 sudo systemctl reload nginx 重载。不要用 restart，会中断现有连接。